Unveiling Long Polling, WebRTC, and SSE as Alternatives to WebSockets for Real-Time Collaboration Apps
This blog is dedicated to technologies that can serve as alternatives to the widely-used WebSockets for building real-time collaborative applications. My goal is to help developers unravel the advantages, applicable scenarios, and potential drawbacks of these alternatives, thereby empowering them to select the most fitting technology for their distinct use case. WebSockets have traditionally been the default choice for establishing persistent communication and ensuring low-latency connection for bidirectional data flow between the client and server. These real-time, full-duplex, and instantaneous communication channels are suitable for live applications, chat forums, and gaming platforms. In fact, robust platforms such as Supabase heavily rely on WebSockets to facilitate real-time collaborative features. To learn more Supabase and WebSockets, and how they can be used to create a real-time collaborative app effectively, visit Real-Time Collaborative Apps with Next.js and Supabase . However, WebSockets aren't the only viable option. In this article, we will shed light on three other potent alternatives: Long Polling , WebRTC , and Server-Sent Events . Long Polling , an older yet still relevant technology, serves well in situations where the information does not need to refreshes every second but at intervals of a few seconds or minutes, and where network and resource efficiency are of paramount importance. Applications such as live notifications, stock tickers, financial data updates, auction sites, IoT device status monitoring, sports scores, and event updates can leverage Long Polling . The benefits of Long Polling include: WebRTC is a suite of APIs and protocols that facilitate direct real-time communication between browsers. It eases the development of applications necessitating peer-to-peer communication. Video conferencing, file sharing, and live streaming are some of the use cases for WebRTC . The distinctive features of WebRTC include: Server-Sent Events (SSE) is a one-way communication channel where the server pushes updates to the client. It leverages the simplicity of HTTP and the familiarity of event-driven programming. Real-time notifications, dashboard updates, streaming, stock market updates, IoT device updates, and multi-user collaboration tools are some of the use cases for SSE . The advantages of SSE include: As developers, it's crucial to not confine ourselves to the only technology we're familiar with. Each technology boasts its unique strengths and weaknesses, and the choice is largely guided by the specific requirements of the project. This article offered a broad overview of three powerful alternatives to WebSockets for building real-time collaborative apps. With this knowledge, you are now better equipped to make informed decisions when developing real-time collaborative applications.